Engine



May 13, 1930. T P, TUNE Y 1,758,482

ENGINE v Filed July 6, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 13, 1930. T. P. TUNE1,758,482

I ENGINE Filed July 6, 1928 3 swa -s t 2- 'r. P; TUNE ENGINE- Filed July6, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 13, 1930 TrioMAs PAYNE Term; orMEs Lm mini, NEW .MEXICU, ASSIGNOR} F ONE-meme 1 0' EARL'C'. CLEAVELAND}AND' aim-TENT TO WILLIAM soon, BOTH or EL PASO, r

' TEXAS ENGINE Application filed m e, 192%. Serial No. 290,720.

This invention ielzites to'engii-ies, aiid particularly though netiiecessafily, to 'intefilz'il combiistioii engines of that general typein which the motive filiid 01" charge is compressed I iii a separatechamber and discharged in'tc the of the internal combustion t pe,wherein the eras of th crank; shaft is disposeda t fight 7 angles to theforce exerted 011 the'p'istoli by the explosion in'ste'a'd 6f the crankbeing disposec'i in l'irie Or' approximately iii liiie With the cylili'der at the time of theseziplosion.

A still further object is to prb'v'ide a const'r f 'ctioii efthischaracter hatiilg'a movable cylinder as Well as a' flievahleliji'stonand haviiig means whereby the cylinder and pieton may be relativelymoved toward each othertosecure 2i proper compression of the motivefluid b il't iii which the piston is moved relative to theeyliriderw'hile the cylinder' is held rigidly upon the Working stroke ofthe 20 engine. I V f Another object is to secure the relative movementsof the piston and cylinder hyfthe use of 21* can't mountaddipoii thee'reii'k shaft ail-d upen the crank connected to the piston,

' the cam acting to depress thecylindei or permit it to move upward inthe opposite direction While the crank'acts to reciprocate the piston,the cylinder beiiig pipvid'ed with yokes With which the caih is adaptedto ehgege duringc'ertain portions of the stroke of the engine to thusreciprocate the" cylinder.

StiHen-othe'r object is to provide structure of this kind which may bereadily used in connection with a steam chest afse steam e11g'ii'1e,-w'vhich mziy be readily feverse'd, which Wi'ii deliver a muchgreater horsepower td a, iven cylilider displacement than is possihlewith other engines know 1'1 to the, in

which there are reiati'i e1y few Working" parts and in which, as thereis-less fiictien, so there V phi'g13.

isles's fiiel consumption arid Iighteiivifeighi; (per h0fsepdWer.

My iiiv'ehticii isii-llustra ted in the scampaying; drawings in which' iFig.- 1 is .a' verfical sectiei a'l View of an en ine constructed ifieceb'fda n'ce with m intention and showing thepdsit'iefi of the parts atthe beginfiing of the working stroke; Ff'g; 2flis a fragmentary view ofthe ciiafik shaft z'iid Gems, c Fig, 8 is'ai Iikeview to Fig. I hitshdwiiig the'position of the pei'ts at the moment of inlet aridexhaust;I, H V

Fig. 4 is a iragmentai-y sctian on the Iiiie 5 is like View t6 Fig. 3sheivi 'ifig' the p'aftsfwheh the e'oifipressien stroke his" been c'o'iip'letedjtri h V Fig. 6 is e se ion Qfi'the' 6' 6-offe-i'erfingw thedrewifig's 10f designates a a cyli'fide'f which maybe ofany si'iit'ablieass stru'ction and which maybe either airme'eled of Water c'ooledaseesiref, this y Y fox-med with an intake port arid an i pqrt' 12dispese'd above biit oppes'iteflid the inlet port and carrying atit'eiipper end spar jenfljonting nds 'hzfi'rjifigcutttartily exte'iidgfsre' pass; The cy'hnderj 10 extml aperture therei'il at its lower ii'd'its is outwai diy flanged at l8. This fise ge' is threadedextfeiiiiiti'es' 20' extending through-- formed with we projectingStacie 2ien- Disposed within the crank case and within the yoke 19 is acrank or wrist pin 24 connected to the crank shaft 25 by the integralcams 26. Each of these cams, as illustrated, has along and relativelyflattened or sl ghtly curved face 27, this face 27 being disposedrelatively close to the axis of rotation of the crank shaft 25. 'Theopposite face 28 is of a much greater-curvature, that is, has a curveofmuchless radius.

e The distancebetween theaxisc of the caln shaft and theextremitiesb ando of the cam is equal to the transverse radius of the cam from the pointa to the point 0. Therefore, the face28 is approximately semi-circularwhile theface 27 is in the form of a'relativelyflattened arc eccentricwith respect to the axis a. Wrist pin24 is disposed 011 the radial linea, c. The cams 26 are grooved as at 29;

these grooves receiving or embracing the vertical; arms ofyokes 19. Thewrist pin 24 is connected by rod'30 to the piston 31 which maybe ofsuitable construction, the upper corner ofthe" piston being cut away at32 so that whenthe piston is retracted to the intake position theinrushing. fuel will strike this recess 32and will be prevented from being discharged directly across the interior of the cylinder but will bedirected upward-or toward the closed end of the cylinder and thendownwardtoward' the exhaust port 12 to cause the discharge of the burnedgases from the interior of the cylinder. The piston will be fproIvidedwith the usual packing rings and will be dtherwise'made in'any usual orordinary manner.

I Mounted upon theupper end of thecrank te is an angular plate 33 havingan upwardextending transversely curved portion 34 which is approximatelysemi-circular and extendsaround one-half of the cylinder 10. The portionis held, to the head of the crank case by means of screws Y35 and at itsupper end this portion 34 has an extension 36 apertured to form anintake port .37 alining with the inlet port 11 under certaincircumstances and support ing the intake pipe 38 extending to andenteringsuitable source of explosive gas, as for instance,to theordinary carburetter. of an engine. I r

Confronting the upstanding portion 34 of the plate'33 is another halfsection or plate '38 which isformed with flanges on its side edges andscrews 39iconnect the flanges "of the portion 34 to the flanges ofportion 38. These two parts 34 and 38 therefore embrace the cylinderwhen the cylinder moves up; and

down within this outer casing formed by the parts 34 and 38; The plate38' of this casing does not extend to the top of the cylinder butextends above the portion 36 of plate 34.

Guides 40are disposed within the crank case andproject into groovesformed in the vertical arms of the yokes or are otherwise engaged withthe yokes so that the yokes will have a true rectilinear movement.

In Fig. 1 the engine is shown with the parts in firing position, itbeing assumed that the shaft 25 is rotating toward the right or in thedirection of the arrows as in F ig. 1. When the charge is fired thewrist pin 24 is disposed.

on a radial line a, a, and therefore at right angles to the movement ofthe piston 31. The downward thrust of the piston is transmitted to thewrist pin and of course to theshaft 25 and causes the wrist pin to moveto its lowest position as shown in Fig. 3 and the cams 26 as shown inposition in the same figure. At

ton'at the intake and exhaust positions. Upon thenext quarter turn ofthe shaft 25 and the cams'26, the piston will move upward butthecylinder will still be held in a lowered positron, securing thecompression stroke of the engines Upon a further movement of the shaft25 the crank 24 and the cams 26 and the protuberant portion of each camwill be moved upward and out ofoperative engagement with the yokes andthe springs 22 will,

therefore, force the yokes upward as the piston moves. upward and atthesame speed, so

at this period there will be neither expansion or compression'of themotive fluid. From the position shown in Fig. 5 to the firing positionshown in Fig. l the crank 24 will move through 90 and during this periodwhile the crank is moving downward and the piston is moving downward,the cylinder will also move downward so that' during this quarter of therotationthe piston and cylinder will retain their relative positionswith the charge compressed,.and when. crank 24 or wrist-pin hasagam cometo position as shown in Fig.

1, a charge will be fired, thus completing the cycle of the engine.

It will be seen that I compress the gas entirely within the enginecylinder and that the charge 1s not compressedby any extraneouscompressing means as is usual in two-cycle explosive engines. At thesame time I use asingle period for discharging the burned gases andpermit the inlet of fresh gas, which is characteristic of the two-cycleengine.

I consider that my engine is a three cycle engine in thatin one-quarterof its revolu- 7 tion occurs the working stroke, in the next quarteroccurs the intake, exhaust and comwhile the crank swings over to itsfiring posi-- tion. Thu-s there are three distinct movements of thecrank shaft for the three cycles or'periods, V

This motor will run both ways equally I ell by providing a distributorfor'the repression will do this without the necessity of 'tion or pan 15of the crank case may be filled I verse running, then by simply slowingthe motor down and turning off one ignition and turning on the otherignition I quickly, the motor will kick back as it comes up oncompression and run the other Way.

In Fig. 1 I have shown themotor in the firing position butwith. theshaft turning towardthe right or in a clockwise direction. In turningthe shaft in a contrary direction this same position would be at fullcompression and the ignition would occur when the crank shaft takes thesame position as shown in Fig. 1 but on the left side, or in other wordsFig. 3 shows the exhaust andinletposition. On a further quarter turn ofthe crank shaft 24 in a counter-clockwise direction, the fuel will becompressed and-will fire at that oint.

While I have illustrated springs 22 for thepurpose of raising thecylinder, yet the comusing the springs and thus the cylinder in actualfact is raised by the springs and by compression. In case of leakage inthe cylinder the springs however, would keep the cylinder up and awayfrom the piston, thus providing means to avoid breaking the cylinder ifcompression fails. I do not wish to cylinders or cylinder under theactions of the fins 41. I do not, however, wish to be limited to the useof air cooling means, as water 0001- (3 ing means might be used instead.The crank case will be provided with means for lubri eating the yokesand the shaft 25 and wrist pin, but I have not deemed it necessary toillustrate any such means. The lower porwith oil so as to secure aspecial'f'eed of oil to the parts to be lubricated.

Obviously many changes might be made in the details of construction andarrangement of parts Withou'tdeparting from the spirit of the inventionas claims.

What I claim is:

1. An engine including a fixed outer cylinder, a'longitudinally movableinner cylinder closed at its outer end, a piston reciprocahle therein,the inner and outer cylinders having an inlet port and an exhaust portdis posed approximately in the same plane, and means holding the innercylinder stationary andshifting the piston outward to thus admit acharge and simultaneously discharge the defined in the appended eratingto hold the inner cylinder from movementandreturn the piston'into theinner.

movable; cylinder, a yoke connected to the inner end of the cylinder, apiston operating within the cylinder, a crank shaft haw'ng a.crankoperatively connected to the piston. and a cam mounted upon thecrank shaft and 0p 'eratively engaging the yoke to cause differentialmovement of the piston and the cylinder, said cam having one facedisposed closely adjacent the crank shaft and having a curva ture ofrelatively long radius, the opposite face of the cam being approximatelysemicircularin'form, the crank beingdisposed on: a radial line cuttingthe middle of said last named portion, and springs urging. the cylinderupward.

3. An engine including a longitudinally movable cylinder, a yokeconnected to the inner end of the cylinder, a piston-operating withinthe cylinder, acrank shaft having a crank operatively connected to thepiston, and acam mounted upon the crank shaft and op -eratively engagingthe yoke to cause diflerentialfmovement of the piston and the cylinder,

s'a-idcam having one face disposed closely adga'cent the crank shaft andhaving a curvature of relatively long radius, the opposite face of thecam being approximately semi-'circularin form, the crank being disposedon .a radial line cutting the. middle of said last named portion, andsprings engaging beneath the yoke and urging the yoke and'cylinderupwardsx 4; An internal combustionengineincluding anouter cylinderhaving exhaust andin let ports, an inner cylinder closed at one endexhaust gases therefrom, said means then op- V andhavinga spark plug atits outer end and a charge inlet and an exhaust outlet disposedapproximately in the same plane and adapted in onefpositionof the innercylinder to register with the ports in the outer cylinder,

a yoke connected to the inner cylinder, a piston operating Within theinner cylinder, a

crank shaft-extendingthrough said yoke, a

t 7 when the crank is disposedat an angle of 90 tothe longitudinal axisof the cylinder. ,5. In'an explosive engine, a crank case,"a

cylinder extending into and reciprocating relative to the crank case,ayoke connected to the cylinderfthe cylinder having a spark plug, acharge inletiand an exhaust port disposed approximately in the sameplane, va pistonireciprocabler within the: cylinder, a

' crank shaft extending through the crank case and having its crankoperatively connected 7 ing the charge when the crank and cam have i Imoved'the cylinder and piston together to a to the piston, a cameccentrically mounted with relation to the crank shaft and'having asemi-circular cam face engaging said yoke,

the chord of the cam face extending through the axis of the crank and"at right angles to the arm' of thecrank, and means for explodpositionwhere the piston has compressed the ing an outer cylinder having inletand exhaust ports, an inner cylinder reciprocatable within the outercylinder and having inlet and exhaustportsadapted to register in oneposition of the cylinder with the ports of the outer cylinder, saidreciprocatable cylinder being closed at its outer end, a pistonoperating within the inner cylinder, and means for respectivelyreciprocating the innercylinder and the piston including a crank towhich the piston is connected, said means acting to simultaneously openthe inlet and exhaust ports and then cause the movable cylinder-andpiston to move toward each other as the crank is moving through onequarter of its rotation,

said means actingto maintain said cylinder and piston in the samerelative position with the charge compressed during thenext half of therotation of the crank, said means then acting to cause the firing strokeof the engine.

to occur when the crank is; moving through the last quarterof itsrotation.

'In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature. or

THOMASP. TUNE.

charge and the crank is at an angle of 90 to the longitudinal axis ofthe cylinder,

6. An engine of the character described in eluding a'crank casehavingvertically dis posed spaced guides, a cylinder reciprocating'throughsaidguides,and extending into the 1 i crank case, a U-shapedyoke-connected at its upon the crank shaft, the cam having a semiends tothe cylinder, the cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, springsurging the cylinder and yoke upward within the crank case, a crank shaftextending through the crank case and intersected by the longitudinalaxis of the cylinder and having a crank, a piston operat- Qingwithin thecylinder and havinga connecting rod, a cam eccentrically mountedcircular cam face, a radial line extending from the center of the camshaft to the middle of saidcam face extending diametrically through thecrank, said cam-coacting with V the yoke to cause'a depression of theyoke when eitherend orxthe middle of the cam is downward and bearingagainst the bottom of K the yoke and acting to permit the upward.movementof the yoke and cylinder when the cam is turned to a positionwith the cam and crank extending upward, and means for causing anexplosion of the charge at a period when thecylinder and piston arebothdepressedwith the cylinder and piston closely approximated to eachother to compress the charge and withthe crank-disposed atright anglesto the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. 7. internal combustion engineinclud-

